Anatomy of the left atrial appendage.
نویسنده
چکیده
The left atrial appendage (LAA) is a long, hook-like true diverticulum of the left atrium (LA). While parallel-running pectinate muscles are contained within the tubular LAA (Fig. 1), the body of the LA is a smooth-walled structure.1–3 The LAA lies within the pericardium, next to the superior lateral aspect of the main pulmonary artery, and superior to the left ventricular free wall.3 It is often multilobed. Veinot et al.4 defined a lobe anatomically as: (1) a visible “outpouching” from the main tubular LAA, often demarcated externally by a “crease,” (2) able to accept a 2-mm probe internally, (3) may be associated with a change in the main
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The three-dimensional morphology of the left atrial appendage provides the substrate for thrombus generation, and is a harbinger for embolic material due to its direct connection to the left-sided circulation. Appreciating the development of the appendage from mesodermal layer to its adult form provides the basis to improve exclusion from the atrial circulation, and thereby can lead to a signif...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Echocardiography
دوره 25 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2008